Fern List by Leaf Divisions (Cuts)

One very common way to group ferns for identification purposes is by the number of times each frond is divided, or "cut". For more information about this, please see the Fern Glossary page.

Undivided

These are ferns having fronds that are not divided into leaflets. Each frond is a single "leaf" which is not split or "cut" into leaflets.


NO CUTS


Once Divided

Each frond is divided into leaflets only once; ie, it is "cut" in only one direction.


ONE CUT


Twice Divided

Each leaflet is further divided into subleaflets; ie, it is cut in two directions.


TWO CUTS


Thrice Divided

Each leaflet is divided into subleaflets, and each subleaflet is further divided or cut into "sub-subleaflets".


THREE CUTS

Closeup view of a subleaflet that is split into sub-subleaflets, for a thrice-cut frond. This gives the fern a very lacy or frilly look. This is a Spinulose Wood Fern (Dryopteris carthusiana).
 
Here's another sequence of photos to illustrate a thrice divided or thrice cut frond.

This is the first division or cut, which divides the frond into leaflets or pinnae.

The second division or cut, which divides each leaflet into subleaflets or pinnules.
And the third division or cut, which divides each subleaflet into sub-subleaflets or lobes.

For more information about this, please see the Fern Glossary page.

And all three divisions or cuts shown together.

For more information about this, please see the Fern Glossary page.

 

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